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Original research AN INTEGRATED IOT FRAMEWORK FOR PROACTIVE ROAD SAFETY AND ACCIDENT MITIGATION IN HILLY TERRAINSPages 67-74
Anika Tabassum,
Abstract
Hilly terrain introduces pronounced safety risks stemming from steep slopes, sharp angular turns, and volatile weather conditions. This research proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based framework specifically engineered for proactive accident mitigation and continuous, real-time risk assessment in such challenging road networks. The methodology relies on a distributed network of cost-effective, specialized sensors, including Infrared (IR) proximity sensors for vehicle speed and immediate obstacle detection, Passive Infrared (PIR) motion sensors for wide-area monitoring, and DHT22 modules for localized road moisture and temperature monitoring. These field units interface with an ESP8266 NodeMCU, which aggregates data and facilitates secure transmission to a cloud processing platform. The operational core utilizes advanced data analytics and machine learning (ML) techniques to identify hazardous patterns, predict risky conditions (e.g., potential icing events), and generate preemptive safety warnings. Alerts are instantaneously delivered to drivers via a dedicated IoT-based mobile application. Crucially, the system incorporates an automated, GPS-enabled emergency notification protocol, ensuring that the nearest police or emergency services are alerted immediately upon incident detection, whether automatic or via an in-car emergency switch. Implementation validation has demonstrated measurable success in achieving accident rate reduction, minimizing incident severity, and significantly improving the speed and coordination efficiency of emergency response in previously underserved, hard-to-access terrains.
Keywords: IoT Road Safety, Hill Road Safety, Accident Prevention System, Real-Time Hazard Monitoring, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Proactive Alert System, Emergency Response System.
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Asif Eakball Emon 
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